Patient Care Technician (PCT) AAH Practice Exam

What substances do basophils secrete during immune responses?

1. Antibodies and cytokines

2. Histamine and heparin

3. Cortisol and adrenaline

4. Insulin and glucagon

The correct answer is: Histamine and heparin

Basophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune response, particularly in the context of allergic reactions and inflammatory responses. During these immune reactions, basophils secrete substances that are pivotal in promoting inflammation and the overall immune response. The primary substances that basophils secrete include histamine and heparin. Histamine is a powerful vasodilator that increases blood flow to the affected area and enhances the permeability of blood vessels, allowing immune cells to reach and confront pathogens or allergens more effectively. Heparin is an anticoagulant that helps to prevent blood clotting, ensuring increased blood flow and the delivery of immune cells to the site of inflammation. Understanding the specific functions of the substances secreted by basophils provides insight into how the immune system reacts to potential threats and how allergic reactions can occur. The other options do not align with the functions of basophils: antibodies and cytokines are primarily produced by B cells and T cells, cortisol and adrenaline are hormones related to stress responses, and insulin and glucagon are involved in glucose metabolism rather than immune function.